近年来钩吻中毒事件在我国南方地区屡见不鲜,是亟需解决的公共卫生安全问题。该文以检索中国期刊全文数据库(1965年1月至2020年2月)中关于钩吻中毒事件的报道,并查找全文,分析纳入文献中钩吻中毒事件的国内分布、中毒原因、用药中毒途径、中毒剂量、中毒反应时间、临床表现和治疗方法等,以此归纳分析了钩吻中毒事件的规律及特点。研究共纳入71篇文献,1034例患者。其结果显示,钩吻中毒事件多发于我国广西、广东、福建等南部地区,以误服和误食造成中毒多见,临床表现主要累及神经系统损害(54.90%)、消化系统损害(25.53%)和呼吸系统损害(10.09%),最常见的症状包括呕吐、头晕、腹痛、呼吸困难、视力模糊、昏迷和痉挛抽搐等。在常规的抢救治疗的基础上,钩吻中毒的辅助特殊治疗还包括使用新斯的明、阿托品和动物血(羊、鹅、鸡等)灌服治疗等。由此可见,钩吻毒性剧烈,应得到有关政府部门的重视,加强钩吻毒性知识的宣传,加大对钩吻毒性机制及其解药研究的力度,以保障人民群众公共卫生安全。

In the present years,poisoning event induced by gelsemium frequently occurred in the southern areas of China. This is a problem of public health security that needs to be solved urgently. This paper makes a research into the reports in CNKI( from January 1965 to February 2020) about poisoning events induced by gelsemium to analyze the national distribution of the events,poisoning causes,medical poisoning paths,poisonous dosages,poisoning reaction time,clinical manifestations and therapy,etc. so as to generalize and analyze the law and features of the poisoning events. This research covers 71 articles reporting 1,034 cases. The results are as follows. Most of the poisoning events induced by gelsemium occur in our country's southern areas,such as Guangxi,Guangdong,Fujian,etc. The common poisoning way is taking or eating by mistake. The main clinical manifestations are nervous system damage( 54. 90%),digestive system damage( 25. 53%) and respiratory system damage( 10. 09%). The most common symptoms include vomiting,dizziness,abdominal pain,dyspnea,blurred vision,coma and convulsion,etc. In addition to the normal life-saving treatments,neostigmine,atropine and animal blood from lambs,gooses or chicken are also used as special treatments for the gelsemium poisoned patients. So,since gelsemium has very strong poisonousness,government agencies should attach much importance to it,strengthen the publicity of the knowledge about gelsemium poisonousness,promote the research on the toxic mechanism of gelsemium and the related antidotes so as to safeguard the public health security.